If a career in the defense industry is calling your name, you may have heard about security clearances. But what exactly are they, and why do they matter? Even if you’re not actively seeking a job just yet, understanding the process can set you up for success in the future. Here are five key things every college student should know about the security clearance process.
1. Know What You’re Getting Into
A security clearance allows individuals to access classified information. Clearances are required for many federal jobs, military roles, and positions with government contractors. The process for obtaining a clearance involves a thorough background check, which considers 13 adjudicative criteria—including financial responsibility, personal conduct, and foreign influence.
2. Stay on Top of Your Finances
One of the biggest reasons people are denied security clearances? Financial issues. If you have unpaid debt, defaults on loans, or a history of reckless spending, this could be a red flag during your clearance review.
Developing good financial habits—like paying bills on time and managing credit responsibly—can make a difference when you’re ready to apply for a cleared job. If you have financial struggles, be prepared to explain the situation honestly and show efforts to improve.
3. Be Honest About Your Past
Have too much “fun” on your semester abroad? Had a disciplinary issue in high school? Don’t try to hide it. The security clearance process includes an extensive background investigation, and any attempt to cover up past mistakes will likely be discovered. The government leaves no stone unturned during their background checks. But what’s essential is demonstrating growth, responsibility, and honesty. A past mistake doesn’t have to disqualify you—but dishonesty about it could.
4. Give Detailed Answers on Your SF-86
When you apply for a clearance, you’ll fill out Standard Form 86 (SF-86), which asks about your background, finances, and personal history. Many applicants make the mistake of providing vague or incomplete answers—which can raise red flags. The “additional comments” section on your SF-86 is your best friend. If there’s anything questionable in your past, use this space to explain the full story. A well-documented, honest response can help avoid unnecessary scrutiny or delays.
5. Prove Your Loyalty to the U.S.
If you’re a dual citizen or have strong ties to another country, you’ll need to demonstrate your loyalty to the United States. This can include things like renouncing foreign privileges, avoiding traveling under foreign passports, and being transparent about any overseas connections. The government wants to ensure that individuals with security clearances won’t have conflicting loyalties. If you have family or financial ties abroad, be prepared to explain them clearly and demonstrate that your primary allegiance is to the U.S.
START PREPARING NOW
Even if you’re not applying for a security clearance right now, the choices you make today can impact your ability to get one in the future. Stay informed, practice financial responsibility, be honest about your past, and demonstrate loyalty to the U.S.
Interested in learning more about security-cleared careers? Stay updated by following trusted resources on clearance policies and job opportunities. Your future in national security starts now!
